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Resources · Guide 06 · 5 min read

Choosing a material

A decision tree from "indoors, no load" to "replaces machined metal" — every material we stock, and the honest reasons to pick each.

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01

Three questions sort most parts

Material choice looks like a twelve-way decision but usually isn't. Ask three questions: Does it live outdoors or somewhere hot? Does it carry real load? Does it need to flex? Each "no" keeps you cheaper; the first "yes" tells you where to spend.

All twelve materials, prices and full specs live on the materials page — this guide is the reasoning layer on top.

needs to flex?yesnoTPU 95Aseals · grips · feetreal load?yesnoPA-CF / PCreplaces machined metaloutdoors / hot?yesnofull sun? ASA · else PETGPLAcheapest · crispest
Three questions, twelve materials, one answer
PLA
indoors, no load

$0.099/g — the default prototype

PETG / ASA
outdoors or warm

$0.11–0.15/g — weather and UV

PC / PA-CF
real structural load

$0.22–0.28/g — the workhorses

TPU 95A
needs to flex

$0.19/g — seals, feet, grips

02

The everyday tier: PLA and friends

PLA is the right answer more often than its price suggests: stiffest of the commodity plastics, crispest detail, least shrink (so it measures closest to CAD), and the cheapest per gram. Fit checks, form models, housings that live on a desk — PLA, no apology. Its limit is heat: it softens around 55 °C, which rules out cars in the sun and anything near machinery that runs warm.

PLA Matte trades a little toughness for a soft, even surface that hides layer lines — the pick when the part is the product photo. PLA-CF adds carbon stiffness for jigs and fixtures that must stay dead flat but never leave the workshop.

03

The engineering tier: PETG, ABS, ASA, PC

PETG is the sensible default for functional parts: tougher than PLA, shrugs off water and most cleaners, handles 70 °C, and prints reliably at 256 mm scale. Brackets, fixtures, enclosures, outdoor hardware under cover — PETG. PETG-CF stiffens it for structural parts that also face humidity.

ABS and ASA take heat into the high 90s. ASA is the outdoor one — UV-stable, keeps colour and toughness in the sun, the pick for anything living on a roof, a fence, or a vehicle. ABS's party trick is vapour smoothing: a sealed, glossy, water-tight surface that reads injection-moulded. PC is the strongest rigid material we run — guards, housings, load-bearing parts that also see heat — at the cost of a few dollars more per part.

04

The specialist tier: TPU, PP, PA12, PA-CF

TPU 95A is rubber-like: gaskets, grips, bumpers, vibration feet, anything that seals or absorbs. Design it twice as thick as feels right — flexible parts do their job through bulk.

PP is the chemical-and-fatigue specialist — living hinges that flex thousands of cycles, containers for solvents and fuels. PA12 nylon is tough and slippery: gears, clips, wear parts. PA-CF is carbon-fibre nylon, stiff into the 170 °C range — the material for brackets that replace machined aluminium. For all three, talk to us about your load case if you're unsure; nylons in particular reward a quick sanity check before you commit a batch.

PLA★★★
Heat 55 °C
Outdoor
From $0.099/g
Reach for it when prototypes, fit checks, indoor parts
PETG★★
Heat 70 °C
Outdoor
From $0.121/g
Reach for it when functional defaults, brackets, fixtures
ABS★★
Heat 98 °C
Outdoor
From $0.154/g
Reach for it when heat + vapour-smoothed finish
ASA★★
Heat 95 °C
Outdoor ✓✓
From $0.15/g
Reach for it when full sun, roofs, vehicles
PC★★★
Heat 110 °C
Outdoor
From $0.22/g
Reach for it when strongest rigid, guards, housings
TPU 95Aflex
Heat
Outdoor
From $0.19/g
Reach for it when seals, grips, feet, bumpers
PA12★★
Heat 135 °C
Outdoor
From $0.24/g
Reach for it when gears, clips, wear parts
PA-CF★★★★
Heat 170 °C
Outdoor
From $0.308/g
Reach for it when replacing machined metal
MaterialStiffHeatOutdoorFromReach for it when
PLA★★★55 °C$0.099/gprototypes, fit checks, indoor parts
PETG★★70 °C$0.121/gfunctional defaults, brackets, fixtures
ABS★★98 °C$0.154/gheat + vapour-smoothed finish
ASA★★95 °C✓✓$0.15/gfull sun, roofs, vehicles
PC★★★110 °C$0.22/gstrongest rigid, guards, housings
TPU 95Aflex$0.19/gseals, grips, feet, bumpers
PA12★★135 °C$0.24/ggears, clips, wear parts
PA-CF★★★★170 °C$0.308/greplacing machined metal
05

Let cost pick, when it can

Because pricing is per gram, material choice is visible in dollars before you commit: the same 75 g bracket is about $7.43 of material in PLA, $9.08 in PETG, $23.10 in PA-CF (GST included). Prototype in PLA, validate the design, then print the keeper in the engineering material — the two-step usually costs less than one over-specified first print.

Still torn between two? Quote both — changing material in the quote tool reprices live — or email hello@assysts.com with the part and its job, and you'll get a straight answer from the person who'll print it.

Prototype in PLA, ship in PETG, reach for PA-CF only when the load is real. That sentence is 90% of material selection.

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